Ukuwelda kweplatform kufuna okungaphezulu kunobushushu kunye nentsimbi yokuzalisa. Kulapho imfezeko yolwakhiwo idibana neendlela zomthwalo welizwe lokwenyani-apho i-tack ye-tack engalungelelanisiweyo inokwehla isebenze kwakhona, ilibazisekile ukuthunyelwa, okanye okubi ngakumbi, ukusilela kwintsimi phantsi koxinzelelo lomjikelo. E-Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd., senze ngaphezulu kwe-12,000 ulandelelwano lweqonga lokuwelda kwi-chassis yezolimo, iifreyimu zezixhobo zokwakha, kunye nenkxaso yenkxaso yokuhambisa. Into esiyifundileyo ayiyothiyori: ifakwe kwiingxelo zethu ze-DFM, ukutshisa izigodo, kunye nemilinganiselo yokugqwesa emva kwe-weld.
ULungiselelo lwe-Pre-Weld alunakuxoxisana-ayiyomfuneko
Uninzi lweentsilelo ze-welding zeqonga ziqala ngaphambi kokuba i-arc ibethe. Siyibona ngokuphindaphindiweyo: amaqela atsiba uqinisekiso oludityanisiweyo, acinge ukuba tyaba kwemathiriyeli, okanye ukungawahoyi ukuguquguquka kwesikali somlinganiselo kwiibhetshi zentsimbi engenakutyiwa. Kwiziko lethu laseBotou, yonke indibano yeqonga iqala ngeetshekhi ezintathu ezingaxoxisiyo:
Ukunyamezela kwe-Gap ≤ 0.5 mm ngaphaya kobude obupheleleyo bamalungu—ilinganiswe ngeegeyiji zokuziva *phambi* kokubamba, hayi emva Ubushushu bentsimbi esisiseko ≥ 10°C kwiindawo ezibandayo; ngaphantsi koko, preheat ukuya kwi-50 ° C ye-carbon steel, i-100 ° C ye-304 i-stainless-iqinisekisiwe nge-thermometers ye-infrared kumanqaku amathathu ngemitha nganye. Ukucoceka komphezulu kuqinisekiswe ngokusula i-solvent + uvavanyo lwelaphu elimhlophe: akukho ntsalela ibonakalayo, akukho mafutha omnwe, akukho thuli lokusila olubanjwe kwimingxuma Sakha sachitha iindibano zoobiyeli ezili-17 ngenxa yokuba intsimbi enye eqengqelekisiweyo yafika enobungqingqwa belitye lokusila. I-oxide layer yaphuka ngokungafaniyo ngexesha le-GMAW, ibangela i-micro-porosity kwiingcambu ezidlulayo. Ngoku, zonke iikhoyili ezingenayo zifumana uhlalutyo lwe-spectral ukwenzela ukufana kwe-oxide yomhlaba-kwaye silungisa ukuhamba kwegesi ekhuselayo (ukusuka kwi-18 L / min ukuya kwi-22 L / min) xa ukuhluka kwesikali kudlula ± 0.3 µm.
Ukukhethwa kweNkqubo kuyalela iNdlela yokuSebenza
Ukukhetha phakathi kwe-FCAW, i-GMAW, kunye ne-SAW ayikho malunga nesantya-imalunga nokufanisa igalelo le-thermal kwijometri, ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokulayishwa kwenkonzo. Kwizakhiwo zeqonga ezine-≥6 mm ubukhulu bodonga kunye ne-fillet joint joints, asigqibekanga kwi-flux-cored arc welding usebenzisa i-E71T-1 ucingo. Ngoba? Isixokelelwano sayo se-slag sinyamezela ukwahluka kokulingana okuncinci kunocingo oluqinileyo, kwaye izinga layo eliphezulu lokubeka linciphisa indawo echatshazelwe bubushushu (HAZ) ububanzi ngama-22% xa ithelekiswa ne-GMAW ngokomlinganiselo ofanayo.
Kodwa kwiiplatifti ze-gauge-gauge-ezifana ne-aluminium yenkxaso ye-aluminiyam kwiinkqubo zokunyuka kwelanga-sitshintshela kwi-pulsed GMAW nge-1.2 mm ER5356 ucingo. I-Pulse frequency ihlala kwi-120 Hz; i-peak current itshixiwe kwi-145 A. Oku kuthintela ukutshisa kwi-2.5 mm sheets ngelixa ugcina ubunzulu bokungena ≥1.8 mm. Abanye banokuphikisa ukuba iMIG “ilula” kwialuminiyam. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kokulawulwa kwe-pulse, silinganise i-37% ephezulu yokuphazamiseka kunye ne-4 × ngaphezulu kwe-porosity kwiimeko ezifumileyo-iqinisekiswe ngovavanyo lwe-radiographic kwi-120 ye-welds yesampuli.
IQhinga lokuQwalasa limisela uzinzo lweDimensional
Iiclamps azibambeli iinxalenye-zilawula uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Esona siganeko sibi kakhulu seqonga lemfazwe senzeka kwisakhelo sezolimo esiziimitha ezi-3.2: izithinteli ze-C ezintandathu ezilinganayo zenze ukubanjwa kwendawo, kunyanzelise ukugqwetheka ngaphandle phakathi kwesithuba sexesha. Ngoku sisebenzisa i-clamping elandelelanisiweyo: lungisa kuqala imiphetho yedatum, emva koko faka izithinteli ezidadayo kwizithuba ezingama-300-mm ecaleni kweeflange ezingezizo zedatum, sikhulule isibambiso ngasinye *emva* kokuphola kweweld ekufutshane ukuya kuma-60°C. Iikhamera ze-Thermal ziqinisekisa oku kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwe-angular nge-65% ngokuchasene nokubethelwa okumileyo.
Siye sazinzisa iindawo zokuthoba ubunzima—i-0.8 mm ububanzi, esikwe ngelaser-kunye nemimandla yotshintsho olunoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ezi zisebenza njengeendlela ezilawulwayo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo ngexesha lokupholisa. Kwiqonga elinye lezixhobo zokwakha, ukongeza iindawo zokubeka ezintathu eziyi-12 mm kuncitshiswe ukuphambuka kokuthe ngqo kwe-post-weld ukusuka kwi-2.1 mm/m ukuya kwi-0.4 mm/m-ngaphandle komatshini we-post-weld.
Ukuhlolwa kufuneka kudlulele ngaphaya kokujonga okubonwayo
Ukuhlolwa okubonakalayo kubamba kuphela i-41% yeziphene ezibalulekileyo kwi-platform welds, ngokweenkcukacha zethu zangaphakathi ze-NDT ukusuka kwi-2022-2023. Sifuna ukuqinisekiswa kwamanqanaba amathathu:
Ukubeka iliso ngexesha langempela: Zonke iiseli ze-robotic welding log voltage, okwangoku, isantya sokuhamba, kunye nesantya sokutya kweengcingo ngecandelo le-50 mm. Izitenxo > ± 3% zixhokonxa unqumamo oluzenzekelayo Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-post-weld dimensional: Iqonga ngalinye lifumana ukuskena kweCMM ngokuchasene nemodeli ye-CAD-gqalisela kwiipateni zomngxuma obalulekileyo, ukuthwala isitulo esisicaba (≤0.08 mm), kunye nokuqina komlenze we-weld (± 0.3 mm) Uvavanyo lomthwalo osebenzayo: I-5% ye-random yeebhetshi zemveliso zinyamezela i-1.5 × umthwalo olinganisiweyo we-120 imizuzwana. Silinganisa ukuphambuka kumanqaku asibhozo-kungekhona nje ubuninzi, kodwa i-gradient kwisakhiwo Olu qeqesho lubambe umba ophinda-phindayo kwizibiyeli ezitsalwa ngokunzulu: inkangeleko ebonwayo eyamkelekileyo egqunywe ukunqongophala kodityaniso ekudibaneni kweradiyasi ezotyiweyo kunye neflange. Uvavanyo lwe-Ultrasonic lubonakalise i-92% yezo zinto zidibeneyo zine-subsurface discontinuities. Sayilungisa kwakhona i-geometry edibeneyo-yongeza ubuso bengcambu ye-0.5 mm kunye nokunciphisa i-angle efakwe kwi-75 ° ukuya kwi-65 °-kwaye yaphelisa impazamo.
I-Platform Welding YiNkqubo-Ayilonyathelo
Iplatform welding iphumelela kuphela xa uyilo, ukhetho lwemathiriyeli, ubunjineli bokulungisa, ulawulo lwenkqubo, kunye nokuhlolwa kusebenza njengenkqubo enye. E-Botou Haijun, siphatha yonke iqonga njengento ethwala umthwalo-kungekhona iqoqo leendawo ezidibeneyo. Ukuhamba komsebenzi okuthobelayo kwe-ISO kufakela ingxelo ye-DFM *phambi* kokucaphula, isiqinisekiso senkqubo ye-weld *phambi* kokukhutshwa kwesixhobo, kunye nezatifikethi zemathiriyeli ezinokulandeleka *nayo yonke into ethunyelwayo*. Asithengisi iiwelds. Sinikezela ngokuqhubekeka kolwakhiwo oluqinisekisiweyo.
Kwiinjineli ezichaza ukuwelda kweqonga, qala apha: chaza indlela yomthwalo kuqala, emva koko ukhethe ijometri edibeneyo, emva koko utshatise inkqubo kwi-metallurgy-hayi umva. Olo tshintsho lulodwa lunciphisa ukusebenza kwakhona nge-38%, ngokusekelwe kwidatha ye-2023 kwiiprojekthi ze-47 zabathengi. I-Platform welding ayikho malunga nokudibanisa isinyithi. Imalunga nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwamandla-kumaxesha onke onyaka, kwiishifti, kumashumi eminyaka.
