Ịgbado ọkụ n'elu ikpo okwu na-achọ ihe karịrị ikpo ọkụ na igwe ndochi. Ọ bụ ebe iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe n'usoro na-ezute ụzọ ibu dị n'ụwa - ebe eriri weld na-ezighi ezi nwere ike ịbanye n'ọrụ arụ ọrụ dị oke ọnụ, inye oge igbu oge, ma ọ bụ ka njọ, ọdịda ubi n'okpuru nrụgide cyclic. Na Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd., anyị emeela ihe karịrị 12,000 usoro ịgbado ọkụ n'elu ikpo okwu gafee chassis ugbo, okpokolo agba ihe owuwu, na ihe nkwado ebuga akpaaka. Ihe anyị mụtara abụghị usoro iwu: a na-etinye ya na akụkọ DFM anyị, na-agba ọkụ site na ndekọ ndekọ, na nhụta mgbagha mgbe weld gasịrị.
Nkwadebe tupu Weld enweghị nkwekọrịta-Ọ bụghị nhọrọ
Ọtụtụ ọdịda ịgbado ọkụ n'elu ikpo okwu na-amalite tupu aak etiwa. Anyị na-ahụ ya ugboro ugboro: otu dị iche iche na-amafe nkwenye nkwado nkwonkwo, na-ewere ịdị larịị ihe, ma ọ bụ na-eleghara mgbanwe igwe igwe anya n'ofe ogbe igwe anaghị agba nchara. N'ụlọ ọrụ Botou anyị, mgbakọ ikpo okwu ọ bụla na-amalite site na nlele atọ na-enweghị nkwekọrịta:
Nkwenye oghere ≤ 0.5 mm gafee n'ogologo nkwonkwo zuru oke - atụnyere ya na ihe mmetụta * tupu ịjide ya, ọ bụghị mgbe emechara Okpomọkụ ọla ala ≥ 10°C na gburugburu oyi; N'okpuru nke ahụ, kpoo ọkụ ruo 50 Celsius maka ígwè carbon, 100 ° C maka 304 igwe anaghị agba nchara - ejiri temometa infrared kwadoro na isi atọ kwa mita. Ekwenyere ịdị ọcha dị n'elu site na nhicha ihe mgbaze + ule akwa ọcha: enweghị ihe fọdụrụ a na-ahụ anya, enweghị mmanụ akara mkpịsị aka, ọ dịghị uzuzu na-egweri tọrọ n'ime oghere N'otu oge, anyị kpochapụrụ mgbakọ braket 17 n'ihi na otu ogbe nke ígwè oyi kpụkọrọ akpụkọ batara na ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ igwe ihe na-ekwekọghị ekwekọ. Okpokoro oxide gbajiri nke ọma n'oge GMAW, na-ebute micro-porosity na ngafe mgbọrọgwụ. Ugbu a, ihe mkpuchi niile na-abata na-enweta nyocha dị iche iche maka ịdị n'otu oxide elu-anyị na-edozikwa mgbaba gas na-echebe (site na 18 L / min ruo 22 L / min) mgbe ọdịiche nha karịrị ± 0.3 µm.
Nhọrọ usoro na-ekpebi ịrụ ọrụ nhazi
Ịhọrọ n'etiti FCAW, GMAW, na SAW abụghị maka ọsọ-ọ bụ maka ịkwado ntinye ọkụ na geometry, ọkpụrụkpụ ihe, na ntinye ọrụ. Maka ihe owuwu ikpo okwu nwere ọkpụrụkpụ mgbidi ≥6 mm na nkwonkwo fillet na-aga n'ihu, anyị na-adaba na ịgbado ọkụ na-eji eriri E71T-1. Gịnị kpatara? Sistemu slag ya na-anabata obere mgbanwe dị mma karịa waya siri ike, yana ọnụego ntinye ya dị elu na-ebelata obosara mpaghara okpomọkụ emetụtara (HAZ) site na 22% karịa GMAW n'otu amperage.
Mana maka ikpo okwu dị mkpa - dị ka oche nkwado aluminom maka sistemu mgbago anyanwụ - anyị na-atụgharị gaa na GMAW pulsed na waya 1.2 mm ER5356. Ugboro ugboro na-anọ na 120 Hz; A na-akpọchi ọnụ ọnụ elu ugbu a na 145 A. Nke a na-egbochi ọkụ-site na mpempe akwụkwọ 2.5 mm ka ọ na-ejigide omimi ntinye ≥1.8 mm. Ụfọdụ nwere ike ịrụ ụka na MIG "dị mfe" maka aluminum. Agbanyeghị, na-enweghị njikwa usu, anyị atụleela 37% ọnụego mgbagha dị elu yana 4 × porosity karịa n'ọnọdụ iru mmiri - enwetara site na nnwale redio na welds sample 120.
Atụmatụ njigide na-ekpebi nkwụsi ike akụkụ
Ihe nkedo anaghị ejide akụkụ-ha na-ejikwa nrụgide fọdụrụnụ. Ihe omume ihu igwe kachasị njọ nke ikpo okwu anyị mere n'okirikiri ọrụ ugbo dị mita 3.2: C-clamps isii nwere oghere mebere mgbochi mpaghara, na-amanye mgbagha n'èzí n'etiti etiti. Ugbu a, anyị na-eji njigide usoro: buru ụzọ dozie akụkụ datum, wee tinye ihe nkedo na-ese n'elu mmiri na etiti 300-mm n'akụkụ flanges na-abụghị datum, na-ahapụ mkpọchi ọ bụla * mgbe * weld dị n'akụkụ jụrụ 60ºC. Igwefoto thermal na-akwado na nke a na-ebelata mgbagha akụkụ site na 65% na njigide static.
Anyị na-etinyekwa oghere nhụsianya-0.8 mm n'obosara, jiri laser bee ya-n'akụkụ mpaghara mgbanwe nrụgide dị elu. Ndị a na-eme dị ka ụzọ enyemaka nchekasị a na-achịkwa n'oge oyi. N'otu ikpo okwu akụrụngwa ihe owuwu, ịgbakwụnye oghere 12-mm atọ belatara nhụsianya kwụ ọtọ site na 2.1 mm/m ruo 0.4 mm/m — na-enweghị igwe nrụcha weld.
Nyocha ga-agabiga nlele anya
Nyocha anya na-ejide naanị 41% nke ntụpọ dị oke egwu na welds ikpo okwu, dịka data NDT dị n'ime anyị sitere na 2022-2023. Anyị chọrọ nkwenye nke ọkwa atọ:
Nleba anya n'ezie: Sel niile ịgbado ọkụ nke roboti ndekọ voltaji, ugbu a, ọsọ njem na ọnụego waya n'ime akụkụ 50 mm. Ngbanwe > 3% na-ebute nkwụsịtụ akpaaka Nkwenye akụkụ mgbe-weld: Usoro ọ bụla na-eme nyocha CMM megide ụdị CAD - lekwasị anya na ụkpụrụ oghere dị oke egwu, ịdị larịị oche (≤0.08 mm), na ịdị nhịahụ ụkwụ weld (± 0.3 mm) Nnwale ibu na-arụ ọrụ: Random 5% nke mmepụta ogbe na-atachi obi 1.5× gosiri ibu maka 120 sekọnd. Anyị na-atụ ntughari n'isi asatọ - ọ bụghị naanị kacha, mana gradient gafee nhazi ahụ Ịdọ aka ná ntị a jidere okwu na-emegharị ugboro ugboro na weld bracket dị omimi: ọdịdị anya a na-anabata nke ọma na-ekpuchi enweghị ngwakọta na nkwụsị nke radius na flange. Nnwale Ultrasonic gosipụtara 92% nke welds dị otú ahụ nwere nkwụsị n'okpuru ala. Anyị na-emezigharị geometry nkwonkwo-ịgbakwunye 0.5 mm mgbọrọgwụ ihu na ibelata akụkụ gụnyere site na 75° ruo 65°-ma kpochapụ ntụpọ ahụ.
Platform Welding Bụ Sistemu — Ọ bụghị Nzọụkwụ
Platform ịgbado ọkụ na-aga nke ọma naanị mgbe imewe, ihe onwunwe nhọrọ, fixture engineering, usoro akara, na nnyocha na-arụ ọrụ dị ka otu usoro. Na Botou Haijun, anyị na-emeso ikpo okwu ọ bụla dị ka ihe na-ebu ibu-ọ bụghị mkpokọta akụkụ welded. Usoro ọrụ anyị na-akwado ISO na-etinye nzaghachi DFM * tupu * nhota okwu, ntozu usoro weld * tupu ntọhapụ ngwaọrụ, yana asambodo ihe nwere ike ịchọpụta * na mbupu ọ bụla *. Anyị anaghị ere weld. Anyị na-ebuga n'ihu n'usoro nhazi ekwenyesiri ike.
Maka ndị injinia na-akọwapụta ịgbado ọkụ n'elu ikpo okwu, malite ebe a: kọwapụta ụzọ ibu nke mbụ, wee họrọ geometry nkwonkwo, wee dakọtara usoro na metallurgy — ọ bụghị n'azụ. Ngbanwe ahụ naanị na-ebelata ọrụ site na 38%, dabere na data 2023 sitere na ọrụ ndị ahịa 47. Ịgbado ọkụ n'elu ikpo okwu abụghị maka ijikọ igwe. Ọ bụ maka ikwado nnyefe ike - n'ofe oge, n'ofe mgbanwe, gafee ọtụtụ iri afọ.
