Ukuwelda kweNqwelo yeRhino: Kutheni iNdibano yeSakhelo eSomeleleyo iqala phambi kweArc yokuqala
Uyinqumle iityhubhu. Womile-ufake amalungu. Ukulungele ukubetha i-arc kwisakhelo senqwelo yeRhino-kwaye kulapho kanye uninzi lwe-DIY yokwakha lusilela. Hayi kwisinyithi esibuthathaka, kodwa kubushushu obungalawulekiyo, ukungena okungahambelaniyo, okanye izinto ezilungelelanisiweyo. Sidibanise ngaphezulu kwe-12,000 yeefreyimu zeenqwelo zesiko e-Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd.-hayi njengeeprototypes, kodwa zisetyenziselwa amasimi kwizidiliya zaseMntla Melika, izitshizi zegadi yeziqhamo zaseYurophu, kunye nabavuni berayisi baseMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Into esiyibona mihla le ayiyothiyori. Ijikile amalungu emva kokudlula nje okukodwa. Iigussets eziqhekekileyo ngaphantsi kwe-300 kg yomthwalo womvuzo. Imisonto evulwayo kwimingxunya enyukayo ngenxa yokuba iplate yesiseko igqwethekile ngexesha lewelding.
Ukuwelda inqwelo yeRhino owomeleleyo ayithethi malunga ne-amperage okanye i-filler wire yodwa. Imalunga nolandelelwano, ukuzibamba, kunye nokuziphatha kwezinto eziphathekayo. Intsimbi epholileyo eqengqelekayo—umgangatho wethu wezakhelo zeRhino—uyanda nge-12.5 µm/m·°C. Umzila kaloliwe osecaleni ongama-600 mm ofudunyezwe ukuya kuma-400°C ngaphandle kokubamba uya kukhula malunga ne-3 mm phambi kokuba uphole. Olo kukhula alupheli. Itshixa kuxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Kwaye i-stress fractures ayibonakali ngexesha le-welding-kodwa ngexesha lomjikelezo wesithathu womthwalo.
Amanyathelo amathathu angaxoxiswanayo phambi kokuba uWeld
Ukutsiba nayiphi na kwezi kuguqula inqwelo yakho yeRhino isuke kwisixhobo ibe yimfanelo:
Lungisa yonke into edibeneyo-hayi nje amanqaku e-weld. Sebenzisa iijigi zentsimbi ezinebholiti ezinezitophu ezilungelelanisiweyo. Bamba iperimeter yonke yesibiyeli ngasinye, hayi nje i-weld seam. Sifumene ukuba iikona ezingabonakaliyo zitshintshe ukuya kwi-1.8 ° ngexesha lokudlula kweengcambu-ngokwaneleyo ukulungelelanisa ngokungahambi kakuhle kwevili nge-4.2 mm kwi-axle height. I-Pre-tack kunye ne-10-mm izithuba-kwaye uqinisekise isikweri kabini. Iiweld zokuwisa kufuneka zibenokungena ngokupheleleyo, kungabi ziidabs ezingaphezulu. Emva kokucofa, yenza umlinganiselo wediagonal ngaphaya koxande oluphambili. Umahluko>1.5 mm kuthetha ukugqwetheka sele kusakha. Sila kwaye uphinde ubambe. Sukuqhubela phambili. Ukutshisa kuphela xa i-ambient yehla ngaphantsi kwe-10°C—okanye usebenzisa i-3-mm yodonga lwetyhubhu. Kwimigangatho ye-2-mm yentsimbi epholileyo (Q235 okanye i-ASTM A1008), i-preheat yongeza ingozi ngaphezu kwenzuzo. Uvavanyo lwethu lwesitshizi setyuwa lubonise ukuba amalungu afudunyezwe ngaphambili agqwethwe yi-27% ngokukhawuleza kwiinzwane ze-weld ngenxa yokuguqulwa kobume be-oxide. Kutheni “uWeld It nje” Usilela ngalo lonke ixesha
Abanye bathi ukuwelda kwe-MIG kukuxolela ngokwaneleyo kwizakhelo zenqwelo. Kodwa idatha yethu yeCMM ixelela elinye ibali. Kwiinqwelo ezili-147 eziphononongwe ngokungakhethiyo zohlobo lweRhino ezakhiwe ngabadlali bokuzonwabisa, i-68% ibonise ukutenxa kwe-angular> ± 2.3 ° kumalungu ekona. Kuphela yi-11% ephumelele uvavanyo olusebenzayo kunye nomvuzo opheleleyo. Oyena nobangela? Ukungahambelani kwesantya sokuhamba. Ukuhla kwe-15% kwisantya sokuhamba kwandisa igalelo lobushushu nge-34%. Oku kunyibilikisa isiseko sesinyithi esingaphezulu, sandise indawo echaphazeleke bubushushu (HAZ), kwaye sithambisa isakhiwo sengqolowa esisecaleni kwe weld. Isiphumo: ukukhathala kokuqhekeka kuqalisa kwimida ye-HAZ emva kweeyure zokusebenza ze-1,200-1,800-kungekhona emva kweminyaka.
Sisebenzisa i-pulsed MIG kuyo yonke imveliso yeefreyimu zenqwelo yeRhino. I-Pulse frequency ihlala ihleli kwi-120 Hz. Incopho yangoku ibambe i-185 A. Umsinga ongemva wehla ukuya kwi-42 A. Oku kunikezela ngokuthe ngqo ukugqithiswa kwamathontsi, kunciphisa i-spatter nge-70%, kwaye igcina ububanzi be-HAZ ngaphantsi kwe-1.1 mm-nakwi-2.5-mm ye-tubing. Ngabashicileli be-DIY ngaphandle kokusebenza kwe-pulse? Sebenzisa i-short-circuit transfer, gcina i-stick-out phantsi kwe-12 mm, kwaye uhambe kwi-35-40 cm / min. Nantoni na ecothayo imema ukutshiswa. Nantoni na ekhawulezayo imema ukungabikho kwe-fusion.
Ixabiso lokwenyani lokuWelding yeNqwelo yeRhino ebuthathaka
Ayikokusilela nje kolwakhiwo. Iiwelds ezibuthathaka ziqhuba iindleko ezifihlakeleyo:
Ukuphinda usebenze: Ukugaya i-gusset eqhekekileyo kuthatha imizuzu engama-22. Ukubuyisela kwakhona i-welding ngokuchanekileyo-kunye nolawulo olufanelekileyo lokushisa kwe-interpass-yongeza enye i-18. Leyo yimizuzu engama-40 elahlekileyo ngokudibeneyo. Kwisakhelo esipheleleyo? Ngaphezu kweeyure ezi-3. Inkunkuma yezinto eziphathekayo: Uloliwe omnye ongaphumeleliyo osecaleni uthetha ukukrazula iireyile zombini-kuba ukuthelekisa ukuqhelaniswa neenkozo kunye nokugqitywa komphezulu emva kwe-weld akunakwenzeka ngaphandle komgangatho we-mill-annealing. Ixesha lokuphumla ebaleni: Inqwelo eyeyisayo ekuvuneni ixabisa i-190 yeedola / ngeyure emsebenzini olahlekileyo kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi. Abathengi bethu banika ingxelo ye-avareji yexesha lesisombululo kwiintsilelo ezinxulumene ne-weld: iintsuku eziyi-11.3. I-Botou Haijun iyakunqanda oku ngokunyanzelisa imilinganiselo yobushushu obuphakathi kwe-≤150°C. Sibeka iliso kuyo yonke i-weld nge-infrared thermography-hayi ukuqikelela. Ukuba iqondo lobushushu linyuka ngaphezu komgubasi, siyanqumama. Silindile. Sipholile. Akukho ngaphandle.
Yintoni esebenzayo-kwaye ayisebenziyo-kwizakhelo zenqwelo yeRhino
Sivavanye iindlela ezintlanu eziqhelekileyo kwiisampulu ze-weld ezingama-420. Nantsi into ebambeleyo:
Imiba yeGusset shape. Ukubetha kwemilenze engunxantathu kunye nemilenze engama-45 ° isebenze ngakumbi kunoxande ngama-41% kwiimvavanyo zokuqina kwe-torsional. Iikona zeRadius kwiingcebiso ze-gusset zinciphise uxinzelelo lwengqondo ngama-63% (kulinganiswa ngeegeji zoxinzelelo). Umkhombandlela weWeld ulawula ukugqwetheka. Ukuwelda ukusuka embindini ukuya ngaphandle kwiireyile ezinde kunqumle ukugoba ngama-82% xa kuthelekiswa nokudlula ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni. Ulandelelwano: embindini → inqaku ¼ → ¾ inqaku → iziphelo. Ukukhululeka koxinzelelo lwasemva kweweld akunyanzelekanga kumthwalo ohlawulelwayo> 250 kg. Sibamba iifreyimu kwi-580 ° C imizuzu engama-45 kwiziko elilawulwayo. Ukupholisa umoya emva kokunciphisa i-94% yoxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Ukutsiba eli nyathelo kunyuse izinga lokuqaliswa kokuqhekeka nge-5.7× kuvavanyo olukhawulezileyo lobomi. Inqaku lokugqibela: Ukuwelda kwinqwelo yeRhino ayithethi malunga namandla akhohlakeleyo. Imalunga nokuqikelelwa, ijometri ephindaphindwayo. Yonke intsimbi mayisebenze kwindibano—ingabi ngamacandelo amabini kuphela. Loo ngcinga yohlula iinqwelo ezihlala amaxesha amahlanu kwezo zilahlwayo emva kwenye.
Ukuba isakhelo sakho senqwelo yeRhino sidinga ukuwelda okuchanekileyo okusinda kwimithwalo yehlabathi langempela, i-Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd. inikezela ngobunjineli bomgangatho wobunjineli-eyakhelwe kwintsimbi epholileyo epholileyo, eqinisekisiwe nge-CMM kunye novavanyo lwe-tensile, kwaye ixhaswa yinkqubo yokulawula inkqubo ehambelana ne-ISO. Asithengisi iinxalenye. Sinikezela ngengqiniseko ebanzi.
