Buri kintu cyose cyatsinzwe cya BIW gitangira kimwe - ntabwo ari impanuka, ariko hamwe no kudahuza neza mugihe cyambere cyo gutwara indege. Twabibonye kabiri muri uyu mwaka: Tier-1 itanga isoko mu Budage yakuyeho inteko 473 zasuditswe kubera ko imbaraga zo gufatana zitandukanye ± 12% kuri sitasiyo eshatu zihuye. Intandaro? Ntabwo umunaniro wibintu cyangwa ikosa ryibishushanyo - ariko datum idahuye mugihe cyo kubaka igenzura. Niyo mpamvu "BIW fixture" itari ibice gusa; ni arbiter icecekere yuburinganire buringaniye hejuru ya 3000+ weld kumubiri.
Impamvu BIW Igishushanyo mbonera cyerekana umuvuduko wimodoka
Ibikoresho bya BIW bikora akazi kamwe na zeru zeru kugirango zumvikane: fata ibice by'icyuma muri mm 0.15 mm mugihe imbunda ya robot MIG ibika kg 8-12 z'icyuma gisudira kumunota. Kunanirwa, kandi utera caskade - gusubiramo bidindiza igihe cya takt, kongera gukora bitera kugoreka ubushyuhe, imbaraga zo kugoreka intoki shimming, na shimming bitesha agaciro GD&T. Muri Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd., twubatsemo ibikoresho birenga 210 bya BIW kuva muri 2019 kubakiriya bo muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru n'Uburayi. Muri buri kintu cyose, imikorere-ikora cyane yasangiye ibintu bitatu bidashobora kuganirwaho: ubwubatsi bwa datum yububiko, ibyuma bikomakomeye hamwe na .00.005 mm yiruka, hamwe na CMM ishobora kugera kuri sisitemu yibanze ya A-B-C.
Amakipe menshi asuzugura uburyo gukomera gukomeye bigira ingaruka kumiterere ya weld. Amakuru yacu yerekana isano itaziguye: ibikoresho bifite plaque zifatizo munsi ya mm 60 z'ubugari bitanga 23% byinshi byo kugoreka nyuma yo gusudira mumateraniro ya gari ya moshi kurusha abafite mm 80 zashizweho ibyuma. Kubera iki? Isahani ntoya yoroheje munsi ya 4.2 kN ifata imizigo - bihagije kugirango uhindure igice igice hagati-weld. Ubu turerekana byibuze umubyimba fatizo ukoresheje porogaramu: mm 65 kumuryango wimbere, mm 75 kumasafuriya hasi, mm 85 kubatwara abantu bose.
Imitego Itatu Yukuri-Isi Nta Ntoki Ziburira
Bamwe bashobora kuvuga ko kwigana CAD bikuraho ingaruka z'umubiri. Ariko, ibizamini byo hasi yububiko byerekana ukundi. Kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe byonyine bitesha 17% by'ingingo ya mbere yubaka - nubwo icyitegererezo cya FEA gihanura ituze ryuzuye. Dore icyacitse:
Datum itembera kuva gusiganwa ku magare inshuro nyinshi: Ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu byagura 2,4 × byihuse kuruta ibice byibyuma. Nyuma yizunguruka 420, twapimye 0,11 mm ya drift muri Z-axis ya locator kumwanya winyuma winyuma - bihagije kugirango twange ibice 100% kubipimo byanyuma. Kwivanga kwa clamp hamwe ninzira ya robo: Umukiriya "optimised" imiterere ya clamp ya 3 yahagaritse 38 ° yo kuzunguruka kwamaboko ya robo. Igisubizo? Weld skip, porosity, hamwe nigihe cyo guteganya. Ubu dukeneye inzira ya robot inzira yo kwemeza mbere yo gutunganya ibikoresho. Ubuso burangiza budahuye hagati yimiterere nigice: Ra 0.8 μm igaragara hejuru yibice byibyuma bikonje (Ra 1,6 mm) byateje mikorobe ikwirakwira mu nenge. Igisubizo: guhuza ubuso butagaragara muri ± 0.2 mm - hanyuma ugenzure hamwe na profilometero, ntabwo ari ubugenzuzi bugaragara. Uburyo Guhitamo Ibikoresho Bihindura Byose-Birenze Igiciro
Ibyuma bidafite ibyuma birwanya kwambara, ariko bitwara ubushyuhe 15 × byihuse kuruta ibyuma bikomeye. Ibyo bisa nkibyingenzi - kugeza ubonye ubushyuhe bwimukira mubice datum mugihe cyo gusudira, bigatera kwaguka kwaho. Twahinduye ibyuma bya AISI H13 ibyuma (52-54 HRC) kubantu bose bakomeye nyuma yo kwipimisha byerekanaga ko bifite umwanya wa 3.7 × birebire kuruta kutagira umwanda kuri gahunda imwe yo gusudira.
Shingiro ibintu bifite akamaro kanini. Gukora ibyuma bitanga damping ariko ikongeramo uburemere no guhinduka. Ibipimo byacu byubu ni EN-GJS-600-3 ibyuma byumuyaga - imbaraga zingana zingana 600 MPa, garanti ya grafite spheroidisation> 90%, hamwe nuburinganire bwimashini ≤0.02 mm / m². Kuri prototyping byihutirwa, dukoresha AL-6082-T6 igabanya imihangayiko, ariko hamwe gusa nicyuma cyinjizwamo ibyuma byinjizwamo ibyuma. Ntukigere na rimwe aluminiyumu gusa kubikorwa byo gukora.
Twemeza buri kintu cyose cya BIW hamwe na cheque eshatu zikurikiranye: 1) gupima CMM yabantu bose barwanya CAD nominal, 2) ikizamini cyo gusubiramo (cycle 10, max devis ≤0.01 mm), na 3) ikizamini cyibikorwa hamwe nibice byashyizweho kashe munsi yumutwaro wuzuye. Niba intambwe iyo ari yo yose yananiwe, turasubiramo - ntabwo twongeye gukora.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukora-Ntabwo ari Inteko gusa
Ibikoresho bya BIW bigomba kurokoka 500.000 byikurikiranya bitiriwe bisubirwamo. Ibyo bisaba igishushanyo-cya-serivisi, ntabwo gishushanya-guterana gusa. Twashyize ibiranga serivisi muri geometrie: pin ya locator ifite igorofa ya mm 12 ya hex kugirango ikurweho n’umuriro, imiyoboro ikonjesha inyuze mu byapa fatizo (ntabwo ari ama shitingi yo hanze), hamwe n’imyobo isanzwe ya M8 yashyizwe hagati ya mm 100 - kugirango abakiriya bashobore kuvugurura clamp pneumatike batabanje gukora.
Ikigo cya ISO cyujuje ibya Botou Haijun gikora ibikoresho byubaka ku bigo bitunganya imashini za CNC hamwe n’indishyi zishingiye ku gihe. Buri kintu cyarangiye cyoherejwe hamwe na raporo ya kalibrasi ikurikiranwa, harimo amakuru ya scan ya CMM, ibyasomwe hejuru, hamwe no kugenzura imbaraga kuri buri sitasiyo. Nta bitekerezo. Nta "byubatswe".
Mugihe umushinga wawe wa BIW utaha utangiye, banza ubaze ibibazo bibiri: Ni ikihe kintu kibi cyane-cyerekana ubushyuhe bukabije buzabona? Nihe point ya datum itwara cumulative yo kwihanganira ibintu byinshi? Subiza abo mbere yo gufungura CAD-kandi uzirinda 80% byananiranye. Precision ntabwo igerwaho mubugenzuzi bwa nyuma. Ifunze mumwanya wambere wa pin.
Kubitsinda ryubwubatsi ryubaka BIW itanga umusaruro uhoraho-wambere, umusaruro uhamye, nubuzima bwa serivisi burenze imyaka 5 -biw fixture imikorere itangirana na metallurgical discipline, ntabwo imiterere yimashini gusa. Nibisanzwe twe injeniyeri kuri Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd.
