Kulephera kulikonse kwa BIW kumayamba chimodzimodzi-osati ndi kuwonongeka, koma ndi kusamvetsetsa bwino pakuyendetsa koyamba. Taziwonapo kawiri chaka chino: wogulitsa Tier-1 ku Germany adataya ma subassemblies 473 otchinga chifukwa mphamvu yothirira idasiyanasiyana ± 12% pamasiteshoni atatu ofanana. Chifukwa chake? Osati kutopa kwakuthupi kapena zolakwika zamapangidwe - koma zolozera zosagwirizana pakutsimikizira komanga. Ndicho chifukwa chake "BIW fixture" si gawo chabe; ndiye wotsutsa wachete wa kukhulupirika kwa magawo 3,000+ pa thupi lililonse.
Chifukwa chiyani BIW Fixture Design Imalamula Magalimoto Opanga Magalimoto
Makina a BIW amagwira ntchito imodzi yokhala ndi zero malire pakukambitsirana: gwirani zigawo zachitsulo mkati mwa ± 0.15 mm pomwe mfuti za robotic MIG zimayika 8-12 kg yachitsulo chowotcherera pamphindi. Mukalephera, ndipo mumayambitsa kusweka - kukonzanso kumachepetsa nthawi, kukonzanso kumapangitsa kuti kutentha kusokonezeke, kusokoneza kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kusintha kwapamanja, ndipo shimming imalepheretsa kutsimikizika kwa GD&T. Ku Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd., tapanga zida zopitilira 210 za BIW kuyambira 2019 kwamakasitomala aku North America ndi Europe. Munthawi zonse, zida zotsogola bwino kwambiri zidagawana zinthu zitatu zomwe sizingakanjanitsidwe: zomanga modular datum, zikhomo zolimba zokhala ndi ≤0.005 mm runout, ndi magawo olumikizira a CMM opezeka pazidamu zoyambira A-B-C.
Magulu ambiri amanyalanyaza kuchuluka kwa kuuma kwamasewera kumakhudza mtundu wa weld. Zomwe timapeza zikuwonetsa kulumikizana kwachindunji: zokhala ndi mbale zoyambira pansi pa 60 mm wandiweyani zimapanga 23% kupotoza kwapambuyo-weld pamisonkhano yanjanji yapadenga kuposa omwe ali ndi zitsulo zazitsulo 80 mm. Chifukwa chiyani? Mambale owonda amapindika pansi pa 4.2 kN zokhomerera—zokwanira kusintha gawo lapakati pa weld. Tsopano timatchula makulidwe ocheperako pogwiritsira ntchito: 65 mm kwa mapanelo amkati a zitseko, 75 mm kwa mapoto apansi, 85 mm kwa zonyamulira zonse zamkati.
Misampha Itatu Yapadziko Lonse Palibe Buku Limachenjeza
Ena anganene kuti kuyerekezera kwa CAD kumathetsa ngozi yakuthupi. Komabe, mayeso athu apansi pa sitolo amatsimikizira zosiyana. Kuwonjezeka kwa kutentha kokha kumasokoneza 17% ya zolemba zoyamba-ngakhale zitsanzo za FEA zikuwonetseratu kukhazikika kwangwiro. Izi ndi zomwe zimasweka:
Datum imayenda kuchokera panjinga yotentha yobwerezabwereza: Mafelemu a aluminiyamu amakulitsa 2.4 × mwachangu kuposa zida zachitsulo. Pambuyo pa ma weld 420, tidayeza 0.11 mm drift mu Z-axis locators pagawo lakumbuyo kotala - zokwanira kukana 100% ya magawo motsutsana ndi geji yomaliza. Kusokoneza kwa clamp ndi njira ya robotic: Makasitomala "wokometsedwa" a 3-point clamp atsekereza 38 ° ya kuzungulira kwa dzanja la loboti. Zotsatira zake? Kudumpha kwa weld, porosity, ndi nthawi yosakonzekera. Tsopano tikufunika kutsimikizira njira ya maloboti osagwiritsa ntchito intaneti isanayambike. Kusafanana kwapamtunda pakati pa kukhazikika ndi gawo: Ra 0.8 μm pazigawo zachitsulo zozizira (Ra 1.6 μm) zidapangitsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timafalikira kukhala zolakwika za utoto. Yankho: fanizirani makulidwe apakati pa ± 0.2 μm-ndikutsimikizirani ndi profillometer, osati kuyang'ana kowoneka. Mmene Kusankhira Zinthu Zakuthupi Kumasintha Chilichonse—Kuposa Mtengo Wokha
Opeza zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri amakana kuvala, koma amatenthetsa 15 × mwachangu kuposa chitsulo cholimba. Izi zikumveka ngati zothandiza-mpaka mutazindikira kuti kutentha kumalowa m'malo ena panthawi yowotcherera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ziwonjezeke. Tidasinthira ku AISI H13 chida chitsulo (52-54 HRC) kwa onse odziwika bwino pambuyo poyesedwa adawonetsa kuti ili ndi malo olondola 3.7 × motalikirapo kuposa zosapanga dzimbiri pansi pa ma weld ofanana.
Zinthu zoyambira ndizofunikira chimodzimodzi. Cast iron imapereka chinyontho koma imawonjezera kulemera ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa kuponyera. Muyezo wathu wapano ndi EN-GJS-600-3 ductile iron—yochepa mphamvu yocheperako 600 MPa, chitsimikizo cha graphite spheroidization> 90%, ndi kutsika kwamakina ≤0.02 mm/m². Pakujambula mwachangu, timagwiritsa ntchito AL-6082-T6 yochepetsera kupsinjika, koma poyika zitsulo zokhala ndi laser-sintered pamalo olowera. Osati aluminiyumu-yokha yopangira zida zopangira.
Timatsimikizira mawonekedwe aliwonse a BIW ndi macheke atatu otsatizana: 1) Kuyeza kwa CMM kwa onse omwe ali ndi CAD, 2) kuyesa kubwereza (mizunguliro 10, kupatuka kwakukulu ≤0.01 mm), ndi 3) kuyesa kogwira ntchito komwe kuli ndi magawo enieni odinda pansi pa katundu wodzaza. Ngati sitepe iliyonse yalephera, timakonzanso-osati kukonzanso.
Kupanga Zopanga Zopanga - Osati Kusonkhana Kokha
Kukonzekera kwa BIW kuyenera kupulumuka mizunguliro 500,000 popanda kukonzanso. Izi zimafuna kupanga-pa-ntchito, osati kungopanga-pa-msonkhano. Timayika zinthu zautumiki molunjika mu geometry: zikhomo zokhala ndi ma 12 mm hex flats kuti zichotsedwe moyendetsedwa ndi torque, njira zoziziritsa kukhosi (osati ma hose akunja), ndi mabowo okhazikika a M8 otalikirana motalikirana ndi 100 mm - kuti makasitomala athe kubweza zikhomo za pneumatic popanda kukonzanso.
Malo ogwirizana ndi ISO a Botou Haijun amayendetsa makina opangira makina a CNC okhala ndi chipukuta misozi chanthawi yeniyeni. Sitima iliyonse yomalizidwa yomwe ili ndi lipoti loyeserera, kuphatikiza data ya CMM, kuwerengeka kwazovuta, komanso kutsimikizira mphamvu pa siteshoni iliyonse. Palibe zongoganizira. Palibe "monga-omangidwa" pafupifupi.
Ntchito yanu yotsatira ya BIW ikayamba, funsani mafunso awiri poyamba: Kodi ndi chiyani chomwe chidzawoneka choyipa kwambiri? Ndipo ndi datum point iti yomwe imakhala ndi zololera zochulukira kwambiri? Yankhani musanatsegule CAD-ndipo mudzapewa 80% ya zolephera zam'munda. Kulondola sikukwaniritsidwa pakuwunika komaliza. Imatsekeredwa pakuyika pini ya malo oyamba.
Kwa magulu a mainjiniya omwe amamanga zida za BIW zomwe zimapereka zokolola zosasinthika, kukhazikika kwa mawonekedwe, komanso moyo wautumiki kupitilira zaka 5—fixture bwa ntchito imayamba ndi kuwongolera zitsulo, osati kungoyika makina. Ndiwo muyezo womwe timapanga ku Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd.
