Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola ubunzima beI-walding yesikhulumi saseChina, ehlola izicelo zayo ezahlukahlukene, ukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kwamaphrojekthi aphumelelayo, futhi abadlali abasemqoka bakha lo mkhakha obalulekile. Singena ezicini zezobuchwepheshe, ukuhambisana nokulawula, kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okusebenzayo nokuphephile.
Phesheya kwezilwandleIplatform WeldingKuveza izinselelo ezihlukile ngenxa yemvelo yasolwandle enokhahlo kanye nemithetho yokuphepha efuna ukuphepha. Izinto ezisetshenziswa kaningi zifaka ama-alloys ensimbi anamandla adinga amasu akhethekile we-welding afana ne-arc yelding engaphansi kwe-arc (saw) noma i-flux-cored arc Lawa maphrojekthi adinga ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi okuqinile nokubambelela kumazinga aphesheya anjengalezo ezisethwe yi-DNV gl noma i-AB. Izinkampani ezibhekise kule ndawo kufanele zibe nobuchwepheshe ku-walding engaphansi kwamanzi futhi zibe nemishini yokushayisana ethuthukile ekwazi ukusebenza ezimweni eziyinselele. Ngeminye imininingwane ngezinto ezithile nezindlela ezisetshenziswe kumapulatifomu we-offshore, ungaxhumana nezinsizakusebenza ezivela ezinhlanganweni ezidumile ze-welding kanye nezincwadi zezimboni.
OnshoreI-walding yesikhulumi saseChinaAmaphrojekthi, ngenkathi evezwa ngaphansi kwezinto, afuna ukunemba nokunamathela kumazinga okuphepha. Lawa mapulatifomu angaba yingxenye yezakhiwo zezimboni, izindawo zokukhiqiza, noma amaphrojekthi wengqalasizinda amakhulu. Izinqubo ze-welding ezisetshenzisiwe zingahluka ngokuya ngomsebenzi wesikhulumi kanye nezinto zokwakha ezithintekayo. Amasu ajwayelekile afaka i-Welding ye-Metal Metal ARC Ukuqinisekisa ukulungiselela okuhlangene okuhlangene, amapharamitha aqondile we-welding, kanye nokuhlolwa okugcwele kubalulekile ngobuqotho besakhiwo sesikhathi eside salamapulatifomu.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto zokwenziwa kube nomthelela ngqo kwinqubo yokushiswa kanye nokuqina komkhiqizo wokugcina. Izici ezinjengokumelana nokugqwala, isilinganiso sokuqina kwesisindo, futhi ukusheshisa kufanele kubhekwe ngokucophelela. Ama-steel-amandla aphansi aphansi-alloy (HSLA) asetshenziswa kaningi ngenxa yamandla abo amahle kakhulu nokushiswa. Insimbi engenasici futhi ingadingeka kuzicelo ezithile ezidinga ukumelana nokuqina okuphezulu. Ukukhetha izinto ezifanele ziyisinyathelo sokuqala esibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo yanoma yikuphiI-walding yesikhulumi saseChinaiphrojekthi. Ukukhetha kufanele kuhlale kwenziwa ngokuya ngamazinga embonini kanye namakhodi.
Uhla olubanzi lwezinqubo ze-welding luqashwa ngaphakathiI-walding yesikhulumi saseChina, yileso naleso sinezinzuzo kanye nemikhawulo yayo. Ukukhetha inqubo efanelekile kuncike ezintweni ezifana nobukhulu bezinto, ukwakheka okuhlangene, kanye nekhwalithi ye-weld oyifunayo. Ngenkathi ibonwa futhi i-FCaw imvamisa ithanda izigaba eziwugqinsi, i-gmaw ne-gtaw zilungele izinto ezincanyana nezimo ezidinga ukunemba okuphezulu. Ukuqonda le nnanu kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ama-welds asebenzayo futhi aphezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wonke ama-welders afaneleke kahle futhi aqinisekiswe ngokuya ngamazinga afanele.
Izindlela zokulawula ezisezingeni elifanele zilandelanaI-walding yesikhulumi saseChinaamaphrojekthi wokuqinisekisa ubuqotho kanye nokuphepha kwesakhiwo. Lokhu kufaka ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kwe-weld kwezinto zokulungiselela, ukubhekwa kwangempela kwenqubo ye-welding, kanye nokuhlolwa okungekho emthethweni (NDT) ukuthola noma yiziphi izici. Izindlela ezinjengokuhlola okubukwayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-radiographic (RT), ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasonic (ut), kanye nokuhlolwa kwezinhlayiya ze-magnetic (MT) kuvame ukuqashwa. Ukubambelela kumazinga aphesheya kanye nemikhuba emihle kakhulu kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha nokwethenjwa kwezinhlaka ezigcwalisiwe. Uhlelo lokuphathwa kwekhwalithi oluqinile lubalulekile kulo lonke yonke impilo yephrojekthi.
Ukukhetha umhlinzeki wesevisi we-welding edumile kubalulekile ukuze uphumeleleI-walding yesikhulumi saseChinaamaphrojekthi. Funa izinkampani ezinerekhodi elifakazelwe, ama-welders anolwazi, nokuzibophezela kwekhwalithi nokuphepha. Qinisekisa ukuthi banesitifiketi esidingekayo futhi bahambisane namazinga embonini afanele. Ukukhuthala ngokuphelele okufanele kunconywa ngaphambi kokubandakanya noma yimuphi usonkontileka. Kulabo abafuna izinsizakalo ezisezingeni eliphakeme ze-welding, cabanga ngokuhlola abakhiqizi abasungulwe nabahlinzeki abafanaI-Botou Haijun Metal Products Co, Ltd., inkampani eyaziwa ngokuzibophezela kwayo ekusebenzeni kahle ekwakhiweni kwensimbi.
Ukuzulazula kwendawo yokulawula kuyisici esibucayi seI-walding yesikhulumi saseChina. Ukuhambisana namazinga kazwelonke nakwamanye amazwe kubalulekile ukugwema izingqinamba ezingokomthetho futhi uqinisekise ukuphepha kwephrojekthi. Zijwayeze ngamakhodi kanye nemigomo efanelekile kumele kube noma ngubani obandakanyeke kulo mkhakha. Ukuhlala usesikhathini kunoma yiluphi ushintsho eziya ezimisweni lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhambisana okuqhubekayo. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuhlala ujwayele izibuyekezo ezivela kuma-ejensi afanele kahulumeni kanye nemizimba yezimboni.
| Inqubo ye-Welding | Izinzuzo | Okubi |
|---|---|---|
| I-Arc Welding (saw) | Izinga eliphakeme kakhulu, ukungena okujulile | Idinga imishini ekhethekile, eguquguqukayo engaphansi |
| I-War Metal Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) | I-Versitile, isilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu, kulula ukuyisebenzisa | Ithambekele epulini, idinga ukuvikela igesi |
| Igesi Tungsten Arc Welding (Gtaw) | Ama-welds asezingeni eliphakeme, ukulawula okuhle kakhulu, okulungele izinto zokwakha | Izinga eliphansi lokubekwa, lidinga ama-welders anamakhono |
Lo mhlahlandlela ukhonza njengokwethulwa komhlaba ohlanganisiwe weI-walding yesikhulumi saseChina. Ukucwaninga okwengeziwe ezintweni ezithile, njengezesayensi ezibonakalayo, amasu athuthukile we-welding, kanye nokuhambisana nokulawula ngaphakathi komongo wesiShayina, kuyakhuthazwa kulabo abafuna ukuqonda okujulile nobungcweti.
