Uzwa ukukhiqiza okusimeme futhi ucabange amaphaneli elanga, izinto ezigaywe kabusha, mhlawumbe amakhredithi ekhabhoni. Kodwa itafula elishiselwe? Kuzwakala kuyisisekelo kakhulu, njengehlaya. Lowo umbono wokuqala oyiphutha. Umbuzo wangempela awukona mayelana netafula ngokwalo, kodwa mayelana nenqubo yokulenza kanye nendima eliyidlalayo. Ingabe isenzo sokwakha indawo yokusebenza elula, eqinile singahlanganisa imigomo esimeme? Kusukela ngesikhathi sami phansi esitolo futhi ngisebenzelana nabahlinzeki, impendulo iyinkimbinkimbi, yebo eyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa. Kuncike emininingwaneni ecwebezelayo kakhulu: ukuthola, inhloso yokuklama, ukusakazwa kwemfucuza, kanye nempilo yokuphila yamathuluzi ewasekelayo.
Isisekelo Akusona Nje Insimbi
Uma sicaphuna itafula lokushisela langokwezifiso, umshayeli wezindleko zokuqala yipuleti. Wonke umuntu ufuna i-S235 eshibhile, kodwa indaba yokuhlonza ibalulekile. Ingabe isuka endaweni yokugaya enerekhodi elibi lezemvelo eliphakathi nendawo emhlabeni, noma into elandelekayo? Ngikhumbula iphrojekthi lapho saphikelela khona ekusebenziseni umphakeli othile waseShayina, Inkampani Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd. (ungabathola ku https://www.haijunmetals.com), hhayi nje amageji abo namathuluzi, kodwa ukuthola amapuleti abo. Bayithuluzi negeji uchwepheshe abasungulwe ngo-2010, futhi ukugxila kwabo ku-R&D kumathuluzi okukhiqiza kusho ukuthi baqonda ukuvumelana kwezinto ezibonakalayo. I-engeli yokusimama lapho kwakungekho mayelana nokuba luhlaza, kodwa mayelana nokunemba. Ithebula elenziwe ngepuleti elingaguquki liholela ekusebenzeni kabusha, ukumoshwa kwe-weld filler, namandla—konke ukwehluleka kokusimama. Ngakho-ke, isisekelo siwukuhlakanipha kwe-supply chain, hhayi nje insimbi.
Bese kuba nomklamo. Itafula elizinzile aliyona into elula, engacacile oyishintshayo eminyakeni emihlanu. Yakhiwe ngokweqile. Ipuleti eliwugqinsi, elikhulula ukucindezeleka okufanele, mhlawumbe ngisho nephethini yegridi yokusika ilangabi esikhundleni sendawo engaphezulu eqinile yokunciphisa isisindo ngaphandle kokudela ukuqina. Usebenzisa izinto eziningi ngaphambili, yebo, kodwa uvimbela udoti omkhulu: itafula lonke liba yizicucu ngenxa yokuthi lasonteka ngaphansi kwejigi esindayo. Isibalo somjikelezo wempilo. Ngike ngabona amatafula kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-80s esasebenza, izindawo zawo zinezibazi kodwa ziyisicaba. Leyo impahla enekhabhoni ephansi, ngisho noma kungekho muntu obale umkhondo wayo ngesikhathi izalwa.
Inqubo yokushisela ngokwayo iwugibe. Ukusebenzisa ingxube yegesi eyisivikelo engalungile noma indlela engeyinhle kwandisa i-spatter. I-spatter eyengeziwe isho ukugaya okwengeziwe, amadiski asebenzisekayo, izinhlayiya eziningi, nesikhathi esengeziwe kugridi yamandla. Kuyi-cascade yokungasebenzi kahle. Sifunde ukucacisa i-MIG ye-pulsed kuma-seams abaluleke kakhulu ekusithekeni kumathebula anembayo. Kuyinqubo ehamba kancane, ebonakala iphikisana nokukhiqiza, kodwa ikhiqiza ukuphazamiseka okuncane kokushisa futhi cishe akukho-spatter. Ukuhwebelana kuyiqiniso: isidingo samakhono aphezulu, imishini ebiza kakhulu. Akuzona zonke izitolo ezingakwenza noma ezizokwenza. Lokho kuyisithiyo esisebenzayo.
Ama-Jigs, Fixtures, kanye Nesistimu Eyizungezile
Itafula lilodwa alisebenzi. Ukuphindaphinda kwayo kokusimama kukulokho ekuvumelayo. Itafula elakhiwe kahle, eliyisicaba liba yisisekelo sezinto zokushisela ezingasetshenziswa kabusha. Esikhundleni sezingxenye ze-tack-welding ngqo etafuleni (ukulilimaza, ukudala imfucuza yokuhlanza), ufaka izinsimbi ze-modular nezitobhi. Yilapho inkampani ithanda khona Botou Haijun ibuyela esithombeni. Ubuchwepheshe babo ekugezeni nasekukhiqizeni amathuluzi bubalulekile. Ukunemba kwamathuluzi abo—ubukhulu besikwele besici sokunamathisela ekhoneni, ukuphindaphinda kwesitholi sephinikhodi—kuthinta ngokuqondile ukuthi ungahlanganisa ngokunembe kangakanani ukushisela. Ukulungiswa okungahambi kahle kuholela kumkhiqizo ogwegwile, okuyizicucu. I-Scrap isitha esikhulu se ukukhiqiza okusimeme.
Ngikhumbula isehluleki, esibuhlungu. Sakhe i-fixture yeqoqo lamafreyimu angu-500. Izikhonkwane zendawo, ezithathwe kumthengisi oshibhile, zinokubekezelela +/- 0.5mm. Kuzwakala kahle ephepheni. Empeleni, ukunwetshwa kokushisa ngesikhathi sokushisela kanye nephutha lokuqongelela kwakusho ukuthi uhlaka ngalunye lwama-50 lwalungaphandle kokucaciswa. Sichithe amahora amaningi omuntu ekulungiseni nasekusebenzeni kabusha kunalawo esiwagcine kumdlalo. Amandla amoshayo—ukushisisa kabusha, ukushisela kabusha, ukuphatha kabusha—ayemakhulu kakhulu. Isifundo bekungekona ukugwema ukulungiswa, kodwa ukutshala imali ekusetshenzisweni kwamathuluzi okunemba kusukela ekuqaleni. Izindleko eziphakeme zokuqala zezingxenye ezibekezelela kakhulu ezivela kumkhiqizi ozinikele inkokhelo eqondile yokunciphisa udoti.
Lokhu kungena engxenyeni yamasiko. Ingabe ithebula libhekwa njengento esebenzisekayo noma njengempahla? Ezitolo lapho yonke into ishaywa ngesando futhi isikwe ithoshi ngqo phezulu, impilo yayo ifushane. Kuseli elineziyalo, iyindiza eyireferensi emaphakathi, evikelwe, elinganiswa ngezikhathi ezithile ngenkomba yokudayela. Ukusimama kwento ebonakalayo kuhambisana nesiyalo sokusebenza. Awukwazi ukuthenga lokho; kufanele uyakhe ekuhambeni komsebenzi.
Ukuphela Kokuphila kanye Nomcabango Oyindilinga
Akekho othanda ukukhuluma ngokuhoxiswa. Kodwa umklamo osimeme ngempela uyakucabangela. Ithebula elishiselwe, uma liklanywe ngokwe-modular, lingavuswa kabusha. Ungagaya ifulethi eliphezulu futhi ngemva kweminyaka yokuhlukunyezwa. Noma, ungakwazi ukusika ingaphezulu elilimele bese ushisela epuletini elisha, ubuyisele i-undercarriage esindayo, ezinzile. Saphakamisa lokhu kuklayenti kanye. Bahlulekile ngesikhathi sokuphumula futhi babiza itafula elisha. Imodeli yezomnotho ayizange isekele okwamanje, kodwa indlela yobuchwepheshe ikhona. Kungumqondo wokwenza kabusha osetshenziswa emishinini yokuthenga.
Ekugcineni, lapho isilahliwe ngempela, izinto ezibonakalayo zibalulekile. Itafula elenziwe nge-plain carbon steel licishe ligaywe kabusha ngo-100%. Yilokho okuyisisekelo. Kodwa uma uke wasebenzisa amabhawodi afakwe i-zinc kumaleveli emilenze noma uyipende ngengubo enobuthi, udale inkinga yokuhlukanisa. Sizama ukucacisa i-hot-dip galvanizing ukuze kuvikeleke ukugqwala uma kudingeka—iqinile futhi insimbi ihlala iwumfudlana ohlanzekile wokugaywa kabusha. Lezi yizinqumo ezincane ku-BOM ezinemiphumela emikhulu engezansi.
Isigwebo esivela ku-Grind
Ngakho, ungakwazi ukushisela itafula ukukhiqiza okusimeme? Nakanjani. Kodwa akulona ibhokisi lokuhlola. Kuwuchungechunge lwezinqumo ezixhumene: ukuthola ipuleti lekhwalithi kubahlinzeki abanolwazi, ukuklama amashumi eminyaka, ukushisela ngokunemba ukuze kuncishiswe udoti owela phansi, ukuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zamathuluzi zokubekezelela okuphezulu, kanye nokukhuthaza isiko eligcina impahla yemali. Ithebula liwuphawu nje oluphathekayo. Ukusimama kusenhloso, ekhonweni, nasohlelweni eluqinisayo. Kuwucezu oluthobekile, olungathandeki lwephazili, kodwa unganaki amandla ayo, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi uvuza ukusebenza kahle—nokwethembeka—kusukela ekushiseleleni kokuqala.
Kubheke ngale ndlela. Isitolo esisebenza phezu kwetafula elisontekile, elihlaselwe sihlala silwa nesisekelo saso. Yonke ingxenye eyakhelwe phezu kwayo ithwala intela efihliwe yokungahambi kahle. Leyo ntela ikhokhwa ngezinto ezengeziwe, amandla, nabasebenzi. Itafula elifanele, elenziwe ngokucatshangelwa futhi lihlanganiswe, aliyona izindleko. Kuyindlela yokuqala esitshalweni sakho, futhi ukuyilungisa kuyindlela eyisisekelo kakhulu ukukhiqiza okusimeme ukuzijwayeza kukhona. Akukhona mayelana nokusindisa iplanethi ekuhambeni okukodwa; imayelana nokumisa udoti oyisiphukuphuku phambi kwakho.
