Uva ukuveliswa okuzinzileyo kwaye ucinge ngeepaneli zelanga, izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, mhlawumbi iikhredithi zekhabhoni. Kodwa itafile edityanisiweyo? Kuvakala kusisiseko kakhulu, njengokuqhula. Leyo yimpazamo yokuqala. Umbuzo wangempela awukho malunga netafile ngokwayo, kodwa malunga nenkqubo yokwenza kunye nendima edlalwayo. Ingaba isenzo sokuyila umphezulu womsebenzi olula, nohlala ixesha elide sinemigaqo ezinzileyo? Ukususela kwixesha lam kumgangatho wevenkile kunye nokujongana nababoneleli, impendulo iyinkimbinkimbi, inzima ewe, kodwa. Ixhomekeke kwiinkcukacha ezininzi zeglosi ngaphezulu: ukukhangela, injongo yoyilo, imijelo yenkunkuma, kunye nobomi besixhobo esixhasayo.
ISiseko AyisiyoNtsimbi nje
Xa sicaphula itafile ye-welding yesiko, umqhubi weendleko zokuqala yipleyiti. Wonke umntu ufuna i-S235 ngexabiso eliphantsi, kodwa ibali lokukhangela libalulekile. Ngaba isuka kwindawo yokusila enerekhodi yendalo esingqongileyo embi embindini welizwe lonke, okanye into enokulandeleka ngakumbi? Ndikhumbula iprojekthi apho sinyanzelise ukusebenzisa umthengisi othile waseTshayina, Botou Haijun Metal Products Co., Ltd. (ungazifumana apha https://www.haijunmetals.com), kungekuphela nje kwiigeyiji zabo kunye nezixhobo zabo, kodwa ukufumana iipleyiti zabo. Zisisixhobo kunye neengcali zegeyiji esekwe ngo-2010, kwaye ukugxila kwabo kwi-R&D yezixhobo zemveliso kuthetha ukuba bayakuqonda ukungaguquguquki kwezinto. I-angle yokuzinza yayingekho malunga nokuba luhlaza, kodwa malunga nokuchaneka. Itheyibhile eyenziwe kwipleyiti engahambelaniyo ikhokelela ekusebenzeni kwakhona, ukuchithwa kwe-weld filler, kunye namandla-konke ukusilela kozinzo. Ke, isiseko bubukrelekrele bokubonelela, hayi isinyithi kuphela.
Emva koko kukho ukuyila. Itafile ezinzileyo ayisiyonto ilula, ithambileyo oyithathayo kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu. Yakhiwe ngaphezulu. Ipleyiti etyebileyo, inciphisa uxinzelelo olululo, mhlawumbi nepateni yegridi yokusikwa ngamadangatye endaweni yomphezulu oqinileyo ukunciphisa ubunzima ngaphandle kokuncama ukuqina. Usebenzisa imathiriyeli engaphezulu ngaphambili, ewe, kodwa unqanda inkunkuma enkulu: yonke itafile ibe sisilaphu ngenxa yokuba ijijekile phantsi kwejig enzima. Lubalo lomjikelo wobomi. Ndibone iitafile ukusuka kwiminyaka yama-80s zisesenkonzweni, umphezulu wazo unamanxeba kodwa uthe tyaba ngokupheleleyo. Leyo yi-asethi yekhabhoni ephantsi, nokuba akukho mntu ubala umkhondo wayo ekuzalweni.
Inkqubo ye-welding ngokwayo ingumhadi. Ukusebenzisa umxube werhasi okhuselayo ongalunganga okanye ubuchule obungalunganga bonyusa isitshizi. I-spatter eyongezelelekileyo ithetha ukugaya ngakumbi, iidiski ezisetyenziswayo, i-particulate matter, kunye nexesha elingakumbi kwigridi yamandla. Yintlutha yokungasebenzi kakuhle. Sifunde ukucacisa i-MIG ye-pulsed ye-flatness-critical seams kwiitafile ezichanekileyo. Yinkqubo ecothayo, ebonakala ichasene nemveliso, kodwa ivelisa ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kobushushu kwaye phantse akukho sitshizi. Urhwebo luyinyani: imfuneko yezakhono eziphezulu, izixhobo ezibiza kakhulu. Ayizizo zonke iivenkile ezinokwenza okanye eziya kuyenza. Lowo ngumqobo osebenzayo.
IiJigs, iiFixtures, kunye neNkqubo eJikeleyo kuyo
Itafile iyodwa ayisebenzi. Ukuphindaphinda kwayo kokuzinza kukule nto iyenza. Itafile eyenziwe kakuhle, ethe tyaba iba sisiseko sezinto eziphinda zisetyenziswe ukuwelda. Esikhundleni samacandelo e-welding-welding ngqo kwitafile (ukuyonakalisa, ukudala inkunkuma yokucoca), ubeka i-clamps modular kunye nokuyeka. Apha kulapho inkampani ithanda khona Botou Haijun ibuyela emfanekisweni. Ubungcali babo kwigeyiji kunye nokwenza izixhobo bubalulekile. Ukuchaneka kwezixhobo zabo-ubukwere beqhosha lekona, ukuphinda-phinda kwephini locator-kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo indlela onokuthi udibanise ngayo i-weldment ngokuchanekileyo. Ukungalungiswanga kakuhle kukhokelela kwimveliso egoso, eyinkunkuma. I-Scrap lutshaba lokugqibela lwe imveliso ezinzileyo.
Ndikhumbula ukusilela, okubuhlungu. Siyilele ibhetshi yeefreyimu ezingama-500. Izikhonkwane zokufumana indawo, ezithathwe kumthengisi onexabiso eliphantsi, zinokunyamezela +/- 0.5mm. Ivakala kakuhle ephepheni. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukwandiswa kwe-thermal ngexesha le-welding kunye nempazamo eyongezelekayo ithetha ukuba isakhelo ngasinye se-50 sasiphumile. Sichithe iiyure ezininzi zabantu silungisa kwaye siphinda sisebenze kunokuba sigcine kumdlalo. Amandla achithwayo-ukufudumeza kwakhona, uku-welding kwakhona, ukuphatha kwakhona-yayinkulu kakhulu. Isifundo yayingekuko ukuphepha ukulungiswa, kodwa ukutyala imali kwizixhobo ezichanekileyo kwasekuqaleni. Ixabiso lokuqala eliphezulu lamacandelo anokunyamezelana okuphezulu kumenzi ozinikeleyo yintlawulo ethe ngqo ekucuthweni kwenkunkuma.
Oku kungena kwicandelo lenkcubeko. Ngaba itheyibhile iphathwa njengento etyiwayo okanye njenge-asethi? Kwiivenkile apho yonke into ibethelwa ngehamile kwaye isikwe itotshi ngqo kumphezulu, ubomi bayo bufutshane. Kwiseli eqeqeshekileyo, yinqwelomoya yesalathiso esembindini, ekhuselweyo, ilinganiswe ngamaxesha athile ngesalathisi sokucofa. Uzinzo lwento ebonakalayo ibotshelelwe kuqeqesho lokusebenza. Awukwazi ukuthenga oko; kufuneka uyakhe kuhambo lomsebenzi.
Ukuphela koBomi kunye neNgcinga yeSetyhula
Akukho mntu uthanda ukuthetha ngokuyekiswa kogunyaziso. Kodwa uyilo oluzinzileyo ngokwenene luyithathela ingqalelo. Itheyibhile edityanisiweyo, ukuba iyilwe ngokwemodyuli, inokuvuselelwa kwakhona. Ungasila iflethi ephezulu kwakhona emva kweminyaka yokuxhatshazwa. Okanye, unokunqumla umphezulu owonakalisiweyo kwaye udibanise kwipleyiti entsha, uphinda ubuyisele i-undercarriage enzima, ezinzileyo. Sicebise oku kumxhasi kanye. Baye bahlambalaza ngexesha lokuphumla kwaye baxabisa itafile entsha. Imodeli yezoqoqosho ayizange ixhase okwangoku, kodwa indlela yobugcisa ikhona. Yingqondo yokuvuselela esetyenziswa kwizixhobo zevenkile.
Ekugqibeleni, xa ilahleka ngokwenene, izinto eziphathekayo zibalulekile. Itheyibhile eyenziwe ngentsimbi yekhabhoni ecacileyo iphantse ibe yi-100% yokusetyenziswa kwakhona. Lowo sisiseko. Kodwa ukuba uye wasebenzisa i-zinc-plated bolts kwi-level leveler okanye uyipende nge-coating enetyhefu, udale ingxaki yokuhlukana. Sizama ukucacisa i-galvanizing ye-hot-dip yokukhusela umhlwa ukuba kuyimfuneko-yomelele kwaye intsimbi ihlala ingumsinga ococekileyo wokuphinda usetyenziswe. Ezi zikhetho ezincinci kwi-BOM ezineziphumo ezinkulu ezisezantsi.
Isigwebo esivela kwi-Grind
Ngoko ke, unokuyiwelda itafile imveliso ezinzileyo? Ngokuqinisekileyo. Kodwa akusiyo ibhokisi yokukhangela. Luthotho lwezigqibo ezinxibeleleneyo: ukufumana ipleyiti esemgangathweni evela kubaboneleli abanolwazi, ukuyila amashumi eminyaka, ukuwelda ngokuchanekileyo ukunciphisa inkunkuma esezantsi, ukuyidibanisa neenkqubo zokunyamezelana okuphezulu, kunye nokukhuthaza inkcubeko egcina izixhobo eziyinkunzi. Itheyibhile ngumqondiso nje obonakalayo. Uzinzo lukwinjongo, isakhono, kunye nenkqubo ebambelela kuyo. Yiphazili ethobekileyo, engathandekiyo, kodwa ungahoyi amandla ayo, kwaye mhlawumbi uvuza ukusebenza kakuhle-kunye nokuthembeka-ukusuka kwi-weld yokuqala.
Yijonge ngolu hlobo. Ivenkile esebenza kwitafile ephothiweyo, ebethwayo ihlala isilwa nesiseko sayo. Yonke icandelo elakhiwe phezu kwayo lithwala irhafu efihliweyo yokungahambi kakuhle. Loo rhafu ihlawulwa kwizinto eziphathekayo, amandla, nomsebenzi. Itheyibhile efanelekileyo, eyenziwe ngengcinga kwaye idityaniswe, ayiyondleko. Yinto yokuqala ekhoyo kwisityalo sakho, kwaye ukuyilungisa yeyona ndlela isisiseko imveliso ezinzileyo ukuziqhelanisa kukho. Ayikokugcina iplanethi kwindawo enye; imalunga nokumisa inkunkuma yobudenge kanye phambi kwakho.
